Horizontal twin ovens.



P, ROGER. HORIZONTAL TWIN OVENS.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 26, 195.

THB @WMM w1 WASHINGTON, Ih M A ,Umfrnn sfrA'rEs 'rArENT @Wren 1 Vrn'rnizRoeien,` or ivirLroIiD, MASSACHUSETTS.

Continuation of application Serial No.,79`3,495, iled October 4, 1913.This application le'dAprl 26, 1915. i

. Specification of Letters *Patent v ratenteduune 20,1916.

'y seriaiivo.24,242.A

' To all whom t may concern."V

Be it known 4that l, PETER Roeien, a citizen of the United States,resident of Milford, county of Worcester, State of Massa-` chusetts,have invented an ImprovementV in Horizontal Twin Ovens, of which thefollowing description, in connection with '.the accompanying drawing, isa specification, like characters on the drawing representing like parts.

This invention relates to'iinprovements inY horizontal twin ovens forbaking bread, and the primary objectvof the invention is to provideanoven as specified, consisting in a pair of ovens, having a furnace orfire boX positioned intermediate their facing sides,

and also a single chimney having communication with the lire box andtheair spaces,

' stackorl chimney A5, the'opening or vbore 6, of which* extendsvangularly` throughVV the lstructure 1, `and communicates with the fire'box or `vcombustion chamber 4, through suitto insure theV propercirculation of air within the said spaces during baking in the chambers.

Another object of imum amount ofl fuel is necessary for pr o ducingbread or pastry of uniform color in a short space of time, as isconsistent with the efficient and hygienic baking ofthe bread or pastry.

" -With the foregoing Yand other objects in view, this inventionconsists insuch novel features of. construction, combination andarrangement of parts as will be hereinaftervertical Vsectional Vview-through the central portion Vof lthe ovens,` illustration of v thechimney having been omitted, 'Fig.3 is a vertical sectional viewthroughthe chimney and fire boX,;Fig. 4 isahorizontal sectional view ina plane slightly above the bottom of the ovens, Fig. is a fragmentaryplan view of the partition which supports the oven andV whichseparates-the lower portion of the circulating chamber from theflue'lportions being broken away `and omitted to disclose parts belowsame, Fig. 6 is-a detail 'View of one of the ovens a portion of the wallof the ovens being'fbrokenaway "show-g this invention is toprovide anoven as specified wherein a mining the -structurein section, fand',Figf? 'is' an enlarged view ofv a portion'fof the lower part of the ovenshowing the 'means for supporting'the base' thereof.l `Fig..8,fisfa:detail 5 460 view Vof the ydampers `used in the baking chambers, Fig.Y9, is a detail vieuT .of :the

dampers v which control the airfspaces l,and i means foroperating thesame,-and FigqjlO,

Referring more particularly to the draw-V- ings, 1 designatesthe-supporting 'structure v of they horizontal twin ovens, which consistsofbaking ovens'QV and 3, positioned above and upon opposite sides of thelire bo'X orv Vfurnace 4.

The structure 1 has supportedtliereon `,a i

able openings 31 i'n the partition between the combustion-'chamber 4andthe stack -chamber when Ysta'rting'gvthe fire or when it is notdesired toheat the ovens.

soY

The ovens or baking chambersQ-VS are Y substantially of inverted Yhemispherical form, the walls and base of such chambers being made offire brick or otherfire proof materiaL VThe bases of they ovens aresup'- ported upon `grates 16 corresponding sub-J "stantially in contourkand size to that of the bottom of Y the baking chambers. These gratesare supported at their vedges adjacent the combustion chamber by meansof theA l substantially solid transverse partition the sides of whichextend within each of lthe f This vsubstantially 'solid `,partition haveVeach a centrally kdisposed lug 18 which rests uponv the partition ioor19. By thus supporting the bottomsjof the ovens upon grates a thinnerlayer of reproof material may be provided which will permit a morerapid. Yheating of the interiorof the oven. The rates 1.6 arel of thesame circumferential diameter as the outer walls 20 of the circulatingchambers so that there isan annu,.-

lar series of openings leading from the hori- Zontal portion 7 of thecirculating chamber to the dome shaped portion, thus providing for thefree circulation of the heated gases of combustion around the entireoven. Access to the interior of the ovens is gained through the openings11, formed near the base, at one side of the ovens, which communicatewith the exterior of the structure 1,

and are closed by suitable doors 12. The

doors 12 have dampers 13, positioned therein, for permitting the ingressof fresh air into the ovens or baking chambers 2 and 3, for properlyregulating the temperature thereof. The structure 1 is provided withopenings 14, formed therein, which extend vertically therethrough, andhave pipes 15, mounted therein. The pipes 15 extend through the walls ofthe ovens or baking chambers, and provide for the outlets of air fromthe chambers.

The outlets of the pipes 15 are controlled by a hinged or pivoted damper25, which is pivoted between ears 26, formed upon the upper surface ofthe structure 1. The ivoted dampers 25, have flexible members 27,connected therein, which iiexible members pass over guiding pulleys 28,and depend in front of the structure 1, as is clearly shown in Fig. 1 ofthe drawings.

The guiding pulleys 23 are supported by suitable brackets 29, which aresecured to the structure 1, in any suitable manner.

rilhe structure 1 is hollow about the lire brick walls 20, and thishollow space is filled with cinders or any analogous substance shown at30 in Fig. 2 of the drawings, which tends to retain heat and maintain amaximum amount within the air space 7, upon the utilization of a minimumVamount of fuel. y

The grate 17 which is positioned between the communicating opening ofthe combustion chamber 4 and the solid partition of the' openings 31,tends to prevent small cinders or the like from passing upwardly intothe spaces beneath and above the solid partition, and the flue 32. Theopenings 31 tend to discharge the heated air into the chimney, when heatis not needed in the air spaces 7 The openings 31 have slidably seatedtherein the dampers 51 of which the projecting knob 53 is clearlyvisible between the knobs 47 on the front side of the structure 1.

The space 40 between the two air spaces 7 which surrounds the ovens 2and 3, respectively, is provided with a plurality of upstandingpartitions 41 and 42, which partitions are provided with transverselyextending openings 43, providing a communication between the vfurnace 4and the two air spaces 7 The partitions 41 and 42 are provided withslots 44, in which are slidably seated the dampers 45. rThe rods 46project out of the forward side of the structure 1, and have knobs orheads 47, formed thereupon, for the manual sliding or manipulation ofthe dampers, for regulating the flow of the heatM ed air from thecombustion chamber 4 into the air space 7, and from this into thechimney; and if so desired, completely cutting ofll the aforesaidcommunication.

rilhe structure 1 is provided with the chambers 4S and 49, which arepositioned beneath the ovens or baking chambers 2 and 3, and may beutilized for holding the utensils used in the combustion chamber Thestructure 1 supports thermometers 50, which are provided for visualdesignation of the temperature of the air within the space 7.

1n the operation of the device when a direct draft is desired, as instarting a lire, or when it is desired to prev-ent the heated gases fromcirculating about the baking chambers 2 and 3 the handle 53 of thedampers 51 is pushed inwardly'so that the dampers 51 assume the positoinshown in dotted lines in Fig. 4, uncovering the openings 31 so that theproducts of combustion pass directly from the fire box 4 through thehorizontal grating section 17 through the fine 32 and directly to thestack 5. 1n the meantime the dampers 46, 47 are drawn out so as to closethe apertures 43, which communicate with the circulation passages aboutthe ovens. When it is desired to heat the ovens the damper 53 is drawnout so as to close the aperture 31 which leads from the fire boxdirectly to the stack. A lower damper 45 is then pushed in so as to opena communication between the fire box and the horizontal passage 7 ofnthe circulating chamber, the upper damper 46 remaining closed.

When in this position the hot gases rising from the furnace pass intothe horizontal portion of the chamber 7 and are then permitted to riseinto the dome shaped circulating chamber above the ovens, by reason ofthe peripheral apertures in the grate which permit a free circulation ofthe gases around the ovens. When it is desired to cool od the oven thelower dampers 47 are closed and the upper dampers opened, thuspermitting the hot gases which surround the oven to pass into the flueand thence to the stack. Y

In this construction the gases do not circulate directly from the lirebox around the oven and thence to the iue as is usual in stoves andbaking furnaces but upon the contrary advance from the flue box beneaththe grate 16 and from the horizontal chamber 17 rises into the domeshaped circulating chamber above and surround the ovens thus maintaininga gentle circulation rather than the rapid circulation usual in stoves.r1`he heat is thus applied to the ovens substantially uniformlythroughout so that the arti- Y face.

' Whereby substantially Vall 30 Vchambers may be presented to heated.gases the heated gases to only oneA side of the oven structure; Vhencethe baking chambers are capable of single as Well as conjoint use.

Y IV claim:

' 1. An oven comprisinga structure havingV an inclosure thereln, abaking chamber 1n said inclosure and spaced Vapart from the wallsthereof,l a reticulated support forV the baking chamber 1n saidinclosure, a heat distributing chamber. to receive heat from a directthe same to the means and to heating means in said heat disstructureexterior,

tributing chamber Voperable to 'open and close the. direct passage, andmeans 'inter-l posedbetween the distributing chamber and said bakingchamber inclosure operablefto admit the heat to circulate about thebaking chamber. Y

i 2. An oven comprising a structure having a' plurality of archedinclosures, baking chambers in said inclosures, means for supportingsaid chambers in the inclosures portions of the admitted'to theinclosure, a heat distributing chamber, means. for supplying heatedgases to said chamber, a partition inV said heat distributing chamberhaving orices copiesl of this patent may be bbtained for fivecents each,

Y tion, supportsv therein tov permit the passage of heated gases to thestructure exterior, and dampers movably mounted in said partition toopen and close the orifices, vertical partitions between said chamberand the arched inclosuressaid partitions, being ,aperturedl to admit theheated gases to the arched inclosures Whereby theY gases may circulateabout the' baking 'chambers and heat the same,

and dampersl movablyv mounted in the verticalpartitions to open andclose the apertures.

3. An oven comprising a structure, a plurality of Varched compartmentstherein,

means for insulating said4 compartmentsf against heat` radiation, bakingchambers in said compartments, l a heat distributing chamber, a heatgenerating means communicatingfvvith said distributing chamber, a

flue 'communicating With said distributing@ chamber and With theexterior of the structure, a platform extendingtransversely thecomprising reticu-V structure, said platform latedl portionsA and anapertured middle porformed by the reticulated portions,

a partition for the distributing chamber formed by Vthe middle portion,and dampers adapted for the baking chambers selectively to open landclose .the apertures inthe middle portion.

' L y' PETER ROGER.

Witnesses lSHELLEY V. VINCENT, Y Y.

BERTHA I. SNARE.

byaldressing' theV Commissioner of Patenti.

' Washington, D. C.

